A twelve-string guitar is a steel-string guitar with 12 strings in six courses, which produces a thicker, more ringing tone than a standard six-string guitar.
Played by:
Bruce Hornsby on:
Wayne Pooley on:
Doug Derryberry on:
The 12-string guitar is a distinct instrument celebrated for its rich and full sound. This unique sound is achieved through the pairing of strings for each note, resulting in enhanced volume and harmonic complexity that sets it apart from the standard 6-string guitar.
Design and construction
A standard 12-string guitar features six pairs of strings, tuned in octaves for the lower three pairs (E, A, D) and in unison for the upper three pairs (G, B, e). The strings can be made from various materials, such as nylon or steel, affecting the tonal qualities. Additionally, the neck of a 12-string is typically wider than that of a 6-string guitar to accommodate the extra strings.
Tuning
The standard tuning for a 12-string guitar is E-A-D-G-B-e. This tuning creates a distinctive sound, as the lower strings are tuned in octaves, producing a shimmering, chorus-like effect that is characteristic of the instrument.
Playing techniques
Playing a 12-string guitar can be more physically demanding than a 6-string due to the increased string tension. Techniques such as fingerpicking and strumming can evoke a variety of sounds. Many players use a capo to change keys while maintaining the guitar’s unique sonic qualities.
History and usage
It has historical roots in folk, blues, and rock music. It rose to popularity in the 1960s and 70s, with artists like The Byrds and Led Zeppelin showcasing its sound. The instrument became a staple in folk and rock genres, adding rich texture to both recordings and live performances.
Notable players
Several prominent guitarists are renowned for their work with the instrument,, including:
- Jim Croce: Known for his storytelling style, Croce utilized the 12-string to add depth to his folk sound.
- Roger McGuinn: As the lead guitarist of The Byrds, McGuinn helped popularize the instrument in rock music.
- Leo Kottke: A celebrated fingerstyle guitarist, Kottke’s intricate playing on the 12-string highlights its versatility.
Conclusion
The 12-string guitar remains a cherished instrument for its unique sound and rich harmonics. It continues to inspire musicians across various genres, whether in folk, rock, or blues contexts.